Cafe au lait macule - 咖啡牛奶斑
童年时期经常出现颜色均匀的边框和清晰的斑点。总体来说，边框比这张图更清晰。
References
激光治疗显示 75% 的 CALM 患者的清除率为 50%，其中 43% 的患者清除率为 75%。在不同的激光类型中，QS-1064-nm Nd:YAG 的效果最有效。总体而言，所有激光类型的副作用（例如色素沉着不足和色素沉着过度）均较低，表明安全性良好。
To draw a conclusion, the laser treatment could reach an overall clearance rate of 50% for 75% of the patients with CALMs, for 43.3% of the patients, the clearance rate could reach 75%. When looking at different wavelength subgroups, QS-1064-nm Nd:YAG laser exhibited the best treatment capability. Laser of all the wavelength subgroups presented acceptable safety regarding of the low occurrence of side effects, namely, hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation.
To draw a conclusion, the laser treatment could reach an overall clearance rate of 50% for 75% of the patients with CALMs, for 43.3% of the patients, the clearance rate could reach 75%. When looking at different wavelength subgroups, QS-1064-nm Nd:YAG laser exhibited the best treatment capability. Laser of all the wavelength subgroups presented acceptable safety regarding of the low occurrence of side effects, namely, hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation.
Café-au-lait macules were shown in 1063 patients (96.5%), axillary and inguinal freckling in 991 (90%) and neurofibromas in 861 (78.1%). Other skin manifestations included: lipoma (6.2%), nevus anemicus (3.9%), psoriasis (3.4%), spilus nevus (3.2%), juvenile xanthogranuloma (3.2%), vitiligo (2.3%), Becker's nevus (1.9%), melanoma (0.7%) and poliosis (0.5%).
Pigmentation disorders are commonly diagnosed, evaluated, and treated in primary care practices. Typical hyperpigmentation disorders include postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, solar lentigines, ephelides (freckles), and café au lait macules.
健康人身上会出现咖啡斑，但可能与 1 型神经纤维瘤病等综合征有关。咖啡斑的数量对于神经纤维瘤病的诊断具有临床意义。青春期前儿童直径至少 5 毫米、青春期后个体直径至少 15 毫米的 6 个或更多斑点是神经纤维瘤病的主要诊断标准之一。
咖啡斑通常在出生时就存在，并且是永久性的，并且可能会随着时间的推移而变大或数量增加。即使在激光手术后，斑点通常也无法完全去除，或者在治疗后可能会复发。
○ 治疗
复发率通常很高，并且需要很长时间的激光治疗。
#QS1064 / QS532 laser